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Swan River Colony
Captain Stirling's exploring party 50 miles up the Swan River, Western Australia, March, 1827
What we can learn from the painting.
This asset depicts the exploration mission led by James Stirling (1791-1865) in March 1827 up the Swan River from its mouth - the 18 members of the party were not the first Europeans to travel up the river, but they were the first to go so far; according to the title of the painting, it shows the party 50 miles (80 km) upstream.
This asset depicts the exploration mission led by James Stirling (1791-1865) in March 1827 up the Swan River from its mouth - the 18 members of the party were not the first Europeans to travel up the river, but they were the first to go so far; according to the title of the painting, it shows the party 50 miles (80 km) upstream.
- It probably shows the exploration party at Ellen's Brook, now the township of Ellensbrook, north-east of Perth - Ellen's Brook, a small creek, was named by Stirling after his wife, Ellen, and is believed to be the furthest point up the Swan River reached by the exploration party; the party was unable to take the boats any further, so set up camp on the bank and spent two days exploring the area.
- It illustrates one of the areas that Stirling recommended when he urged the establishment of a British settlement on the Swan River - late in 1828, the British Government agreed to Stirling's proposal, and made him Lieutenant-Governor of the Swan River Colony, soon to be known as Western Australia; the headquarters of the new colony was Perth.
- It shows Indigenous Australians in the upper Swan River area, the Noongar (also Nyungar or Nyoongar) people - the painting is historically inaccurate because members of Stirling's party met no Noongar people in the two days they spent in the Ellen's Brook area; Stirling's party encountered amicable Noongar people lower down the river with whom they exchanged gifts.
- It features black swans ('Cygnus atratus') - during a 1697 expedition, the Flemish explorer Willem de Vlamingh (1640-?) named the waterway Zwaanenrivier (Swan River) because of the large number of black swans he found there; Stirling's party killed and ate a number of them, and on one occasion gave three to a party of Noongar people as part of a gift exchange.
- It illustrates a range of native vegetation in the upper Swan River area - some could be flooded gums ('Eucalyptus rudis'), and those in the foreground are small grass trees ('Xanthorrhoea preissii'); a resinous substance from grass trees was used by the Noongar people for fastening barbs onto spears and fastening sharp pieces of quartz or bone onto wooden handles to make knives or hatchets; the dead flower stalks of these plants were used as friction instruments to start fires.
- It is an example of the work of the English painter William John Huggins (1781-1845) - Huggins served several years at sea, employed by the British East India Company, before returning to London, where he painted many of the company's ships; in 1834, he was appointed Marine Painter to King William IV (1765-1837), and his royal commissions included paintings of the Battle of Trafalgar (1805).
Establishing the Swan River Colony
Push and Pull factors of Migration
The push and pull factors of migration are dictated by economic, political, environmental and social reasons.
Think, pair, share with your partner: Why do you think people might have left England and other European countries for the Swan River Colony?
Literacy Links: Advertising.
Think, pair, share: What is the purpose of advertising?
: What are some things advertisers use to sell their products?
The push and pull factors of migration are dictated by economic, political, environmental and social reasons.
- Political push factors of migration include war, political autocracy - moving to escape conflict and political persecution
- Economic push factors of migration include poverty and unemployment - moving to find work
- Environmental push factors of migration include natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, hurricanes and tsunamis - moving to safety
- Social Push factors of migration include lack of education, medical facilities, high crime rate - moving somewhere for a better quality of life or to be closer to family or friends
Think, pair, share with your partner: Why do you think people might have left England and other European countries for the Swan River Colony?
Literacy Links: Advertising.
Think, pair, share: What is the purpose of advertising?
: What are some things advertisers use to sell their products?
Brainstorm:
How would you have sold the Swan River Colony to people in England in the 1820's?
Your advertisement should include: > An element of pathos, ethos or logos.
> Historically accurate references to push pull factors of 1820's.
> Remember advertising is a form of persuasive text so you need your reader to care about what you are saying.
How would you have sold the Swan River Colony to people in England in the 1820's?
Your advertisement should include: > An element of pathos, ethos or logos.
> Historically accurate references to push pull factors of 1820's.
> Remember advertising is a form of persuasive text so you need your reader to care about what you are saying.
Creating your poster:
Yagan
You will need to log on to the Yagan information using your blue username and password.
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Your task:
- Read through the Yagan information.
- Answer the questions in your notebook.
- Save your notebook as a pdf.
Focus questions: To be completed on your keynote.
- Who could have establish a colony here in W.A before the British?
- What did Yagan's people do in their daily lives?
- What were the earlier meetings between the Noongars and the settlers like?
- How did the Noongars view the land?
- What changes did the settlers make that impacted how the Noongars use their land?
- What did Yagan warn Governor Stirling about?
- What was Robert Lyon's opinion of Yagan?
- When was Yagan finally captured and what were the events that led to his capture?
- How did Yagan escape his exile?
Create a timeline of Yagans life.
- Create your timeline on a A3 piece of paper.
- Your timeline needs to go from left to right.
- It needs to include all important dates.
- Be specific with your details. The more information the better!
- Include Illustrations to highlight your events.